Follow-up on the cherry-picked #13173 fix. Holds the _run_restart task in
self._restart_task (a bare asyncio.create_task keeps only a weak reference,
so a still-pending task can be GC'd mid-flight) and explicitly skips it in
the _stop_impl cancel loop alongside _stop_task. Adds AUTHOR_MAP entry for
the contributor and a regression test that fails when the task is cancellable.
Refs #12875
The cron runtime tripwire (_scan_cron_prompt) used a 10-char invisible-unicode
set while the install-time scanner (threat_patterns.INVISIBLE_CHARS) flags 17.
The cron-local set was missing U+2062-U+2064 (invisible math operators) and
U+2066-U+2069 (directional isolates), so a directive obfuscated with one of
those codepoints (e.g. "ig<U+2063>nore all previous instructions") slipped past
the runtime cron gate while being caught at install time.
Import the canonical set so the cron tripwire and install scanner can't drift
apart again. Emoji-ZWJ protection (_zwj_has_emoji_neighbour) is unchanged.
Fixes#35075
Co-authored-by: rlaope <piyrw9754@gmail.com>
The salvaged #51875 added a background-review write guard in skill_manage
that refuses mutations to skills.external_dirs skills — but it only fires
when is_background_review() is true. The curator's LLM review fork ran with
the default _memory_write_origin='assistant_tool', so the guard never
triggered during the exact curation pass it exists to protect against
(GH-47688).
- Set _memory_write_origin='background_review' on the curator review fork so
turn_context binds it onto the write-origin ContextVar and the guard fires.
- Add a regression test asserting the fork runs under the background_review
origin (the invariant linking the fork to the guard).
- AUTHOR_MAP: map yu-xin-c for the salvaged commit.
Follow-up to the salvage of #45035 + #48682. The two PRs touched different
functions (resolve_resume_session_id vs get_compression_tip) but #45035's
descendant walk followed ANY parent_session_id child, so a delegate/subagent
child could hijack the resume target. Apply the same _branched_from /
_delegate_from / source!='tool' exclusion the rest of hermes_state.py uses,
so the resume walk only follows genuine compression continuations.
Also updates the unrealistic delegation test fixture to carry the real
_delegate_from marker, and updates 3 list_sessions_rich test mocks for the
order_by_last_active kwarg #48682 added.
AUTHOR_MAP: map PINKIIILQWQ + ailang323 salvage authors.
During stdio MCP server startup, _run_stdio (an async method) called the
synchronous check_package_for_malware() inline. That makes a blocking
urllib HTTPS POST to api.osv.dev whose own timeout doesn't reliably cover a
stalled SSL handshake, so an intermittent network issue froze the entire
asyncio event loop for up to ~120s — blowing past the TUI/gateway's 15s
startup budget and showing "gateway startup timeout".
Run the check via asyncio.to_thread (off the loop) AND bound it with
asyncio.wait_for(timeout=_OSV_MALWARE_CHECK_TIMEOUT_S=12s). The malware check
is fail-open, so on timeout we log and proceed rather than blocking startup.
Salvaged from #29190 by @qdaszx (re-applied on current main — the call site
moved since the PR was opened), combining the to_thread approach also proposed
in #29192 by @ygd58. Two load-bearing tests: event-loop-not-blocked-during-
check and timeout-fails-open — both mutation-verified to fail against the old
inline blocking call.
Closes#29184.
Co-authored-by: ygd58 <buraysandro9@gmail.com>
The preflight-compression gate only ran the (expensive) token estimate when
the message COUNT exceeded protect_first_n + protect_last_n + 1. A session
with a handful of very large messages never tripped the count condition, so
compression was never attempted and the turn eventually hit a hard
context-overflow error.
Add _should_run_preflight_estimate() with OR semantics: run the estimate when
either the message count exceeds the protected ranges (the historical gate)
OR a cheap char-based estimate already crosses the configured threshold. The
downstream estimate_request_tokens_rough() stays authoritative — this is only
a hint that decides whether to pay for the full estimate.
Salvaged from #27435 by @texhy (authorship preserved). Re-applied on current
main: the preflight gate moved from conversation_loop.py to turn_context.py
since the PR was opened, so the helper + gate are placed there; the test
imports the real MINIMUM_CONTEXT_LENGTH instead of a hardcoded literal.
Closes#27405.
Follow-up to the salvaged venv-recreate fix. Three changes to the
Install-Venv pre-delete sweep:
- Match the venv path with a case-insensitive StartsWith instead of the
PowerShell -like operator. A venv path containing wildcard
metacharacters ('[', ']') — legal in a Windows user name — silently
fails to match under -like, which would let the locking process slip
through and reintroduce the exact access-denied failure this fix
closes.
- Retry Remove-Item once after a short pause. A force-killed process can
take a moment to release its file handles, so the first delete may
still hit a locked .pyd; retry before failing the stage.
- Note in a comment that the gateway autostart task runs at LIMITED
integrity as the current user, so the installer always runs at
equal-or-higher integrity and can read the process executable path,
and that Get-CimInstance is preferred over Get-Process because it
returns a null path for an uninspectable process instead of throwing.
Adds a regression test asserting the recreate branch sweeps by venv path
prefix, uses StartsWith rather than -like, and runs the sweep before
Remove-Item.
Covers issues #47036, #47557, #47910.
Add two regression tests for the salvaged #48706 fix:
- login token exchange targets platform.claude.com first
- falls back to console.anthropic.com when the new host is unreachable
Also map the salvaged contributor's noreply email in release.py
AUTHOR_MAP (CI author-map gate).
uperLu's #50958 renamed plugins/cron → plugins/cron_providers but left
two test files patching the now-gone plugins.cron.chronos.verify path,
which would fail collection. Point them at plugins.cron_providers.*.
Add uperLu to release.py AUTHOR_MAP.
Builds on @wgu9's runtime-tracking fix: now that find_gateway_pids() can
see a no-supervisor `gateway restart` runtime, have stop_profile_gateway()
fall back to an orphan-aware, profile-scoped reap (SIGTERM then SIGKILL)
when the pidfile/runtime record is missing or stale. Closes the duplicate-
accumulation path in #51325 — a follow-up restart now kills the prior
orphan instead of stacking another listener on :8644. Gated on
not supports_systemd_services() so a transient `gateway restart` argv on
supervised hosts is never killed.
Also adds the AUTHOR_MAP entry for the salvaged contributor.
The cherry-picked commit is authored by jinhyuk9714@gmail.com (GitHub
sjh9714); the check-attribution CI gate requires every PR commit author
to be present in scripts/release.py AUTHOR_MAP.
Required by contributor-check/check-attribution before salvaging PR #51129
(Discord thread-starter dedup, #51057). The CI step greps AUTHOR_MAP by
exact email and does not special-case noreply addresses.
Salvages #50469 by @libre-7.
_dashboard_local_update_managed_externally() previously blocked every containerized dashboard from the local update API, even when the running install was a bind-mounted git checkout that can be updated with hermes update.
Allow the dashboard updater only for git installs inside containers, while keeping hosted /opt/data, docker, and pip installs managed externally. Pip remains blocked because its apply path mutates the running container filesystem and is not the self-managed checkout case.
Adds regression coverage for docker, git, and pip install-method handling inside containers, and maps the contributor email for release attribution.
Co-authored-by: libre-7 <libre-7@users.noreply.github.com>
cua-driver 0.6.x removed the standalone screenshot MCP tool, so
capture(mode='vision') hit 'Unknown tool: screenshot' and returned a
0x0 image with no PNG while som/ax (which use get_window_state) still
worked. Route vision through get_window_state(capture_mode='vision').
Salvaged from PR #50771; same fix submitted earlier as #39262 by
@Tranquil-Flow.
Make the computer_use toolset platform-agnostic by driving cua-driver on
macOS, Windows, and Linux. Consumes the 8 cua-driver decoupling surfaces
(capability discovery, structuredContent AX tree, opaque element_token,
click button enum, explicit mimeType, machine-readable manifest,
structured list_windows, structured health_report), each degrading
gracefully on older drivers.
Adds `hermes computer-use doctor` (drives cua-driver health_report with a
per-OS check matrix and an exit 0/1/2 ok/degraded/blocked contract), full
typed wrappers for the previously-uncovered cua-driver tools plus a generic
call_tool escape hatch, per-session agent-cursor lifecycle, platform-aware
system-prompt guidance (host-deterministic, cache-safe), and honors
HERMES_CUA_DRIVER_CMD end-to-end.
Replaces the macOS-only skills/apple/macos-computer-use skill with a
cross-platform skills/computer-use skill, and refreshes the EN + zh-Hans
docs.
Supersedes #44221 (Windows-enablement salvage of #30660).
Co-authored-by: Teknium <127238744+teknium1@users.noreply.github.com>
* fix: update to version 3 endpoints and adding update and delete tool
* chore: removing the test md file
* fix: prevent circuit breaker on client errors in Mem0 provider
* chore: add telemetry for platform version
* feat: add OSS mode support to Mem0 memory provider
* chore: bump mem0ai dependency to >=2.0.1 in memory plugin
* refactor: enhance dependency checks and embedder config in mem0 backend
* refactor: adjust fact storage message for OSS mode
* refactor: expand user paths, add collection recreation on dimension change for Qdrant
* fix(mem0): make MEM0_USER_ID override gateway-native ids and tag writes with channel
When MEM0_USER_ID was configured (env or mem0.json), the gateway-native id
from kwargs (Telegram numeric id, Discord snowflake, ...) still won, so the
same human ended up under different user_ids per channel and memories never
merged across CLI / Telegram / Slack / Discord. Mirrors openclaw's cfg.userId
pattern: configured override wins, gateway-native id is the fallback.
The legacy "hermes-user" placeholder default written by the setup wizard is
treated as unset to avoid silently bucketing every gateway user together.
Also tag every write with metadata.channel (cli/telegram/discord/...) so the
dashboard can offer per-channel filtered views without coupling identity to
the channel; document the read/write filter asymmetry as intentional
(reads scope to user_id only for cross-agent recall).
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.7 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
* refactor: improve Mem0 memory provider backend, pagination, config, and error handling
* refactor: update mem0 telemetry code, docs, and bump version
* fix(mem0): make get_config_schema() return unified schema with mode-aware required flag
Schema always includes api_key field so picker shows "API key / local" for
both modes. In OSS mode api_key.required=False so status won't mislead.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.6 <noreply@anthropic.com>
* refactor: improve mem0 telemetry, add env var key and OSS mode detection
* chore: bump mem0ai lower bound to 2.0.4 (latest SDK release)
* refactor: set telemetry sample rate to 1.0 and update docs for opt‑out
* fix(mem0): resolve 15 correctness, thread-safety, and resource bugs
Thread safety:
- Protect circuit breaker counters with _breaker_lock (race between
prefetch/sync daemon threads and main thread)
- Wrap sync_turn thread creation in _sync_lock; skip if previous sync
is still alive after 5 s join to prevent duplicate memory ingestion
- Guard _schedule_flush timer creation under _queue_lock (TOCTOU race)
- Capture local `backend` reference in prefetch/sync closures so
shutdown() nulling self._backend cannot crash in-flight threads
Correctness:
- Fix bool("false")==True for rerank param; parse string values explicitly
- Guard page/top_k with max(1,...) and move int() inside try blocks
- Fix fact_count=0 always in OSS mode (Memory.add returns list, not dict)
- Fix prefetch() not clearing result when thread still alive after timeout
- Fix atexit.register accumulating on repeated initialize() calls
Backend / setup:
- Handle Qdrant named-vector collections in _recreate_collection_if_dims_changed
(vectors is a dict; .size access raised AttributeError, swallowed silently)
- Wrap QdrantClient and psycopg2 conn/cursor in try/finally to prevent leaks
- Resolve ollama_bin at top of _ensure_ollama; use it for ollama pull
- Fix embedder key lookup when LLM provider has no env_var (e.g. ollama)
Also: remove _telemetry_enabled cache (env var check is cheap), bump
required mem0ai to >=2.0.7, minor README wording fix.
* fix(mem0): fix brittle qdrant path test + add telemetry sample-rate docs
- Replace generator-throw lambda with a proper def in
test_qdrant_path_not_writable; use tmp_path instead of a hardcoded
/nonexistent path so the test is root-safe
- Add MEM0_TELEMETRY_SAMPLE_RATE to memory-providers.md (was only
in the plugin README, not the user-guide docs)
* revert: remove MEM0_TELEMETRY_SAMPLE_RATE from user-guide docs
* refactor: remove telemetry from mem0 plugin and update documentation
* fix(mem0): set stdin=DEVNULL on setup subprocess calls
The TUI stdin guard (scripts/check_subprocess_stdin.py) requires every
subprocess call in plugin code to set stdin= so it can't inherit the
gateway's JSON-RPC stdin fd. Muzzle the docker/ollama calls in the OSS
setup wizard with stdin=subprocess.DEVNULL (none need interactive input).
Also covers the docker-inspect call the linter's regex misses.
---------
Co-authored-by: chaithanyak42 <chaithanya.kumar42a@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Claude Opus 4.7 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
Sibling-site follow-up to the AGENTS.md token-lock fix (#50481). Platform
adapters migrated from gateway/platforms/<name>.py to
plugins/platforms/<name>/adapter.py; a handful (signal, weixin, bluebubbles,
qqbot, yuanbao, msgraph_webhook, webhook, api_server) still live in
gateway/platforms/.
- adding-platform-adapters.md: new-adapter creation path + reference-impl table
- gateway-internals.md: rewrite the adapter tree to reflect the actual split
- zh-Hans mirrors of both kept in parity
- scripts/release.py: add TutkuEroglu to AUTHOR_MAP (CI gate)
The salvaged PR wired auth.py / providers.py / runtime_provider.py for
google-antigravity but never registered a ProviderProfile, so the provider
was invisible to list_providers() / the model picker / alias resolution.
Register it in the gemini model-provider plugin (alongside gemini and
google-gemini-cli) with the antigravity-pa:// scheme and aliases. Also add
@pmos69 to release.py AUTHOR_MAP (CI gate).
Follow-up to the salvaged #9560 fix:
- Replace the _TRAVERSAL_RE regex with an explicit _is_path_unsafe() helper
(drops the now-unused `import re`); catches a path separator ANYWHERE,
not just leading, so a non-leading Windows backslash can't slip through.
- Switch the per-entry skip in _ensure_loaded_locked from print() to
logger.warning to match the module's logging conventions.
- Add AUTHOR_MAP entry for the contributor.
- Add regression tests for the non-leading-separator case.
- Add thread-scoped regression test: interrupt on the waiting thread resolves
the approval as deny well under the 300s timeout; a foreign-thread interrupt
does NOT release the wait (interrupts are per-thread).
- Add panghuer023 to AUTHOR_MAP for the salvaged #37994 fix.
Follow-up to the salvaged worktree-materialization fix. When a worktree
task has no explicit workspace_path, resolve the anchor from the board's
default_workdir (a git repo) and materialize <repo>/.worktrees/<id> per
task, instead of silently rooting under the dispatcher's CWD (whatever
directory launched the gateway, e.g. the Hermes checkout). If no
default_workdir is configured, raise with a clear message rather than
guessing from CWD.
Adds AUTHOR_MAP entry for the salvaged commit.
Follow-up for salvaged #49654: unit tests for resolve_whatsapp_bridge_dir()
(writable passthrough, read-only mirror, existing-mirror reuse) and the
AUTHOR_MAP entry for the contributor.
Add a regression test for #47868 asserting convert_messages strips the
internal per-message timestamp field, plus the identity-return path for
timestamp-free message lists. Map x7peeps for the release attribution gate.
The contributor-check CI auto-resolves only the +id form of GitHub noreply
emails; lkz-de's commits use the legacy plain form
(lkz-de@users.noreply.github.com), so add an explicit AUTHOR_MAP entry.
The Discord fix (previous commit) handles dict-shaped clarify choices at the
Discord adapter only. The same dict-repr leak originates upstream at
tools/clarify_tool.py's str(c).strip() normalization — the single
platform-agnostic point both the CLI and every gateway adapter flow through.
When an LLM emits [{"description": "..."}] instead of bare strings, str(c)
produced {'description': '...'} which leaked onto the CLI panel
(cli.py:13048/13081), was returned verbatim as the user's answer
(cli.py:11945), and hit Telegram's numbered list too.
Add _flatten_choice (same label->description->text->title unwrap as the
Discord adapter, name/value excluded, keyless dicts dropped) and apply it at
the normalization line. Fixes CLI + Telegram + all platforms at the root;
the Discord smart-truncation now operates on already-clean text.
Adds johnjacobkenny to AUTHOR_MAP for the salvaged commit.
* fix(dashboard): resolve chat TUI argv off event loop
Dashboard chat now resolves its TUI launch command off the
FastAPI/WebSocket event loop. The resolver can run `npm install` /
`npm run build` through `_make_tui_argv()`, and doing that synchronously
in `/api/pty` can block proxy keepalives and other dashboard WebSocket
work long enough for reverse-proxy deployments to drop the chat
connection.
This keeps the current TUI build policy intact: normal production
launches still run the correctness-first `npm run build` path, while
`HERMES_TUI_DIR` remains the prebuilt/no-build path for distros and
containers. The change only moves the potentially slow resolver work to
a worker thread for the dashboard chat path, serialized by an
`asyncio.Lock` so concurrent chat tabs preserve one-build-at-a-time
behavior. `SystemExit` (node/npm missing) and the profile `HTTPException`
path still propagate cleanly through `asyncio.to_thread()`.
Salvaged from #26124 — rebased onto current main. The async wrapper now
threads the `profile` parameter that `_resolve_chat_argv` gained on main
since the PR was opened, so cross-profile chat is preserved.
Co-authored-by: kshitijk4poor <82637225+kshitijk4poor@users.noreply.github.com>
* chore: add 0xdany to AUTHOR_MAP
* fix(dashboard): bind chat-argv lock to app.state; cover error propagation
Self-review hardening on top of the salvaged fix:
- Move `_chat_argv_lock` from a module-level `asyncio.Lock()` onto
`app.state` (initialised in `_lifespan`, lazy fallback via
`_get_chat_argv_lock`), mirroring `event_lock`. A module-level
`asyncio.Lock()` binds to whatever event loop is active at import time,
which is the exact pattern `_get_event_state`'s docstring warns against
(breaks across TestClient instances / uvicorn reloads). This keeps the
lock on the running loop.
- Add two tests exercising the real `_resolve_chat_argv_async` →
`asyncio.to_thread` → lock → re-raise chain: `SystemExit` (node/npm
missing) and `HTTPException` (invalid profile) both propagate out of the
worker thread and are caught by `pty_ws`'s existing handlers. The prior
tests mocked `asyncio.to_thread` away and never covered this path.
* test(dashboard): dedupe pty error-propagation tests; assert close code
simplify-code cleanup pass on the salvage stack:
- Extract the shared scaffolding of the two pty_ws error-propagation tests
into `_assert_pty_propagates`, keeping the two tests as distinct contracts
for the `except SystemExit` and `except HTTPException` arms.
- Assert the stable WebSocket close code (1011) instead of relying solely on
the user-facing "Chat unavailable" notice wording — a behavior contract per
the AGENTS.md "behavior contracts over snapshots" rule, robust to notice
rewording. The detail substring ("unknown profile") is still checked for the
HTTPException case since proving the detail survives the thread hop is the
point of that test.
No production-code change; the helper exercises the same real
_resolve_chat_argv_async -> asyncio.to_thread -> lock -> re-raise chain.
---------
Co-authored-by: draihan <draihan@student.ubc.ca>
Add platform_hints config so an admin can append to or replace Hermes'
built-in platform hint for a single messaging platform (WhatsApp, Slack,
Telegram, ...) without affecting other platforms. Enables enterprise
managed profiles to steer platform-aware skills (e.g. invoke a custom
table-formatting skill on WhatsApp where Markdown tables don't render)
while leaving Telegram/Slack/CLI behavior unchanged.
- hermes_cli/config.py: document platform_hints in DEFAULT_CONFIG
- agent/agent_init.py: load platform_hints -> agent._platform_hint_overrides
- agent/system_prompt.py: _resolve_platform_hint() applies append/replace
(replace wins; bare string = append shorthand); defensive on bad config
- tests: 16 cases covering append/replace/shorthand/isolation/malformed
Override only affects the platform-hint segment of the system prompt;
SOUL/context/memory tiers and general instructions are unchanged.
Add infinitycrew39@gmail.com -> infinitycrew39 to AUTHOR_MAP so the
contributor audit resolves the two cherry-picked commits from the #47945
langfuse trace-scope salvage (merged as #48292) to a GitHub handle instead
of flagging them as an unmapped author email.
Salvage corrections on top of @XVVH's #44341:
- Make native web_search injection a 1:1 swap for an already-present client
web_search function, NOT an additive grant. The original unconditionally
appended {"type":"web_search"} on every is_xai_responses turn with any
tools, force-enabling Grok server-side search even when the user never
enabled the web toolset (bypassing Hermes web-provider config + tool-trace
plumbing). Now gated on a client web_search actually being present.
- Reconcile grok-composer context to 200000 (merged in #47908) rather than
262144; 200k is xAI's published usable context window for Composer 2.5,
262144 is the /v1/responses input+output budget.
- Update tests to match scoped behavior + add a no-web-toolset guard test.
- AUTHOR_MAP entry for #44341 salvage.
Incomplete-guard (server-side *_call items at in_progress no longer flip
has_incomplete_items) and preflight built-in-tool allowlist kept as-is.
After the June lockfile regeneration (#46652) floated electron and reshuffled
npm workspace hoisting, the desktop pack fails with "The specified electronDist
does not exist". apps/desktop/package.json pointed electronDist at the repo
root (../../node_modules/electron/dist) while npm now installs electron nested
under apps/desktop/node_modules/electron. The two contradict, so a clean
install can never package the app (Windows + macOS).
- electronDist -> node_modules/electron/dist (resolved relative to apps/desktop,
i.e. the workspace-local install npm actually produces).
- hermes_cli/main.py, scripts/install.sh, scripts/install.ps1: add a runtime
electron-dir resolver that prefers apps/desktop/node_modules/electron and
falls back to the root hoist, so dist checks + the mirror re-download work
under either npm layout.
- patch-electron-builder-mac-binary.cjs: try the workspace-local Electron.app
before the root hoist in the macOS binary-restore fallback (sibling site no
PR touched).
- test: assert build.electronDist resolves to where the lockfile installs
electron, so a future hoist change (root <-> nested) can't silently break it.
Salvages the overlapping work in #48003 (sitkarev), #48012 (omegazheng), and
#48033 (james47kjv).
Co-authored-by: sitkarev <59806492+sitkarev@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: omegazheng <zheng@omegasys.eu>
Co-authored-by: james47kjv <220877172+james47kjv@users.noreply.github.com>
* fix(photon): preserve text in mixed iMessage attachments
When an iMessage bubble carried both text and an attachment, spectrum-ts'
inbound mapper returned only buildAttachmentMessage(...), dropping the user's
typed text before Hermes could see it. The Photon adapter then had no 'group'
content path, so the text was lost entirely.
- adapter.py: handle a new 'group' content type that flattens text + attachment
items, preserving the typed text alongside cached media (extracted shared
_normalize_binary_payload helper).
- sidecar: emit 'group' content in normalizeContent, and ship
patch-spectrum-mixed-attachments.mjs which patches spectrum-ts' pinned mapper
(at npm postinstall AND at sidecar startup, so existing installs self-heal).
Windows robustness fixes on top of the original PR:
- The patcher's CLI guard used 'import.meta.url === file://${argv[1]}', which
never matches on Windows (file:/// + drive letter) — it silently no-opped.
Switched to pathToFileURL(argv[1]).href.
- The patcher matched \n-joined strings, so a CRLF checkout (Windows git
autocrlf) defeated every replacement. It now normalizes CRLF->LF for matching
and restores the original EOL style on write.
Co-authored-by: Yuhang Lin <yuhanglin@YuhangdeMac-mini.local>
* chore: map YuhangLin contributor email for attribution (#46513)
---------
Co-authored-by: Yuhang Lin <yuhanglin@YuhangdeMac-mini.local>
Co-authored-by: Teknium <127238744+teknium1@users.noreply.github.com>
Salvage follow-up for PR #29575: add regression tests for the section-3
no-api_key /v1/models probe (probes bare endpoints, skips when explicit
models set) and add the contributor AUTHOR_MAP entry.
teknium1
kshitijk4poor
qdaszx
texhy
emozilla
pefontana
kshitijk4poor
Brooklyn Nicholson
Austin Pickett
jeeves-assistant
Francesco Bonacci
Kartik
Stephen Chin
joaomarcos
Hao Zhe
Victor Kyriazakos
qin-ctx